What Is the PHQ-9?
The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) is one of the most widely used screening tools for depression in clinical settings. Developed from the diagnostic criteria for Major Depressive Disorder, it consists of nine questions that assess how frequently you have experienced specific symptoms over the past two weeks.
Each question is scored from 0 (not at all) to 3 (nearly every day), producing a total score between 0 and 27. This score helps your provider understand the severity of your symptoms and track changes over time.
How Scores Are Interpreted
The PHQ-9 score ranges correspond to depression severity levels:
- 0–4: Minimal or no depression — symptoms are within the normal range
- 5–9: Mild depression — watchful waiting and lifestyle modifications may be recommended
- 10–14: Moderate depression — a treatment plan including medication or therapy is often recommended
- 15–19: Moderately severe depression — active treatment with medication and/or therapy is typically indicated
- 20–27: Severe depression — immediate treatment is recommended, often combining medication with therapy
Why We Use It
The PHQ-9 is not a standalone diagnostic tool — it is a screening instrument that informs a broader clinical evaluation. At Fortress Health, we use the PHQ-9 alongside a comprehensive psychiatric assessment to understand the full picture of your mental health.
One of the most valuable aspects of the PHQ-9 is its ability to track your progress over time. By completing it at regular intervals, both you and your provider can see whether your symptoms are improving, staying the same, or worsening — and adjust your treatment plan accordingly.
What to Expect
If you are a new or existing patient, you may be asked to complete the PHQ-9 before or during your appointment. The questionnaire takes only a few minutes and helps ensure that your care is guided by objective, measurable data in addition to your own description of how you are feeling.
If your score suggests moderate to severe depression, your provider will discuss treatment options with you, which may include starting or adjusting medication, recommending therapy, or both.